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Geothermal Drilling

Geothermal energy is among the leading alternative energy sources in the world today primarily because it is clean, renewable, inexpensive, produces no waste, is environmentally friendly, easy to produce, and allows for large-scale energy production in confined spaces.

1. Electricity Generation
2. Tourism (Thermal Springs)
3. Use in Heating Systems
4. Heating of greenhouses

Geothermal energy is becoming increasingly widespread today. Drilling operations to extract geothermal energy are carried out with careful and meticulous attention to detail.

The procedures related to the construction of our company's geothermal drilling well are as follows:

1. WELL DEPTH AND DIAMETER
The depth and diameter of the geothermal wells to be drilled vary according to the temperature variations underground.

1.1 Gradient drilling
1.2. As an operational well

2. VERTICALITY OF THE WELL
To ensure the verticality of the well, it is essential that the drilling rig is fully leveled with blocks at the beginning and throughout the drilling process. All necessary drilling equipment for vertical well drilling must be available at the well site.

3. DRILLING CIRCULATION MUD
The drilling circulating fluid should be continuously monitored at the wellhead to ensure optimal drilling performance and to prevent the fluid density from exceeding necessary levels. The temperature of the drilling fluid should be measured every 1 (one) meter and recorded in the data sheet. The bentonite and chemicals used in the fluid must comply with TSE-977 standards.

4. SAMPLE COLLECTION
To accurately identify the strata encountered during drilling, sediment samples should be taken at each strata change and at each meter of penetration. Half of the collected samples should be washed, while the other half should be placed in sample boxes in their natural state as they are extracted from the well and carefully preserved until the completion of the work.

5. DOWNWELL GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING
After the drilling process is completed and before the well is equipped, geophysical logs must be taken from the well to accurately determine the levels of the hot and cold water producing layers. These logs should include SP, resistivity, and gamma-ray logs.

6. EQUIPMENT
Once a sufficient temperature is reached in the well, a decision is made to proceed to the operational well, and the borehole is equipped with the deemed appropriate diameter.

6.1. If the water temperature in the well is below 70°C, spiral welded sheet metal pipe
6.2. If the water temperature in the well is above 70°C, casing pipes should be used.

7. ISOLATION
Layers containing geothermal water that is unsuitable for use due to its temperature should be sealed with cement grout to prevent cold water from entering the well.

8. WELL DEVELOPMENT
8.1. The well drilled with a rotary drilling rig, where the circulating fluid has coated the well wall, should be flushed with clean water.
8.2. After the completion of well construction, the well should be developed using a compressor. The compressor's capacity should be at least 32 bar.
8.3. The development process should continue until clear water comes out of the well, and for at least 48 hours.

9. WELL MOUTH
After the development process is completed, the well construction must be definitively finished by constructing a 3x3x0.5 m wellhead concrete slab centered around the drill pipe.